Animal physiology

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1874 Excerpt: ...in both sexes. In reptiles and birds the kidneys have a frilled or convoluted appearance; in mammals they are more compact than in any other vertebrata. Fig. 88.--Wolffian Bodies Of Embryo Pio. a, kidney; b, Wolffian body, and, on its surface, the Milllerian duct, after-Fig. 89.--Kidney Of Kangaroo, wards the Fallopian tube; e, vertical section, a, Ureter; ovary; d, urinary bladder b, cone, to the summit of turned down; e, rectum. which all the tubules are Double size. gathered. In the part of their course nearest the circumference of the organ, the tubules of the mammalian kidney are convoluted, giving a granular appearance to the texture; while in the inner part of their course they are straight, and give to the texture a striated appearance. The granular outer part is called the cortical portion of the kidney, and the striated inner part is called the medullary portion. 128. If a sheep's or a rabbit's kidney be examined, the cortical substance will be seen to form a uniform layer, while the straight tubules of the medullary part are gathered together in one group, having the form of a ridge in the sheep, and of a cone in the rabbit and the kangaroo, projecting into the dilatation from which the ureter springs. In the porpoise each kidney consists of a large number of distinct renules, completely separable one from another, and every one possessed of a cortical covering and a medullary part gathered into a cone like that of a rabbit's kidney. In the seal these renules are distinct, but cannot be dissected separate; while in the ox they are fused more closely together, but form separate lobules on the surface. The human kidney has the smooth surface of that of the sheep, but in construction more nearly approaches to that of the ox. Before birth, it present...